Periodisation for Individual Sports
Periodisation has traditionally focused on the physical performance aspects of training to prepare for competition. Only recently have other elements such as recovery, nutrition, biomechanics/skill and psychology been adapted to suit different phases of the training cycle. Periodisation involves the planning of training cycles and recovery so that the athlete can reach their desired result for competition. A periodised training plan typically focuses on a performance goal for the season, increases load progressively, training phases follow a logical sequence, are monitored, include recovery and emphasise appropriate skill development and/or refinement.
Below is a summary table taken from an article published in the International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance. You can download the full text here.
The take home point here is that recovery, nutrition, psychology and skill development and training all support one another in the given training phase.